Drug stock-outs: inept supply-chain management and corruption.

Inept drug supply management causing stock-outs.

Reducing stock-outs of essential tuberculosis medicines: a system dynamics modelling approach to supply chain management.

The under-performance of supply chains presents a significant hindrance to disease control in developing countries. Stock-outs of essential medicines lead to treatment interruption which can force changes in patient drug regimens, drive drug resistance and increase mortality. This study is one of few to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of supply chain policies in reducing shortages and...

Antiretroviral drug supply challenges in the era of scaling up ART in Malawi

The number of people receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) has increased considerably in recent years and is expected to continue to grow in the coming years. A major challenge is to maintain uninterrupted supplies of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs and prevent stock outs. This article discusses issues around the management of ARVs and prevention of stock outs in Malawi, a low-income country with...

Developing the SCM workforce in Nigeria through contextualised pre-service education and continued professional development

Background The human resource crisis extends into all areas of a health system—including the supply chain. Access to quality HIV commodities for testing, treatment and care can be impeded by staff lacking skills in health supply chain management (SCM) often resulting in stock-outs and expiries. In Nigeria, SCMS set out to build in-country capacity to accelerate current and future health workfor...

Procurement and Supply Management System for MDR-TB in Nigeria: Are the Early Warning Targets for Drug Stock Outs and Over Stock of Drugs Being Achieved?

BACKGROUND The World Health Organisation (WHO) introduced the twelve early warning indicators for monitoring and evaluating drug Procurement and Supply management (PSM) systems, intended to prevent drug stock-outs and overstocking. Nigeria--one of the high Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) burden countries, scaled-up treatment in 2012 with the concurrent implementation of a PSM system....